"Even if clojail breaks [and JVM is beaten] in which case he has worked hard and earned his prize." So you're only hacked by skilled folk.
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I've never seen a language add a full-featured REPL later in its life. It's incredibly hard to add "update function definition" interactively.
Clojure is an interesting case. It was developed with a REPL in mind, but the JVM was not. Perhaps the VM matters less here?
WASI is developing a portable, sandboxed system API so you can run WebAssembly outside of a browser: https://hacks.mozilla.org/2019/03/standardizing-wasi-a-webassembly-system-interface/
WebAssembly has a ton of people doing interesting things, but I do feel there's some overlap with what the JVM planned to do.
Exploring JVM extensions to add proper reified generics to Java! You'll be able to distinguish List<Integer> from List<String> (i.e. not just type erasure).
https://openjdk.java.net/jeps/8204937